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TSC101
High side current sense amplifier
Features

Independent supply and input common-mode voltages Wide common-mode operating range: 2.8 to 30V Wide common-mode surviving range: -0.3 to 60V (load-dump) Wide supply voltage range: 4 to 24V Low current consumption: ICC max = 300A Internally fixed gain: 20V/V, 50V/V or 100V/V Buffered output L SOT23-5 (Plastic package) Pin connections (top view)
Applications
Out 1

5 Vcc
Automotive current monitoring Notebook computers DC motor control Photovoltaic systems Battery chargers Precision current sources
Vp 3 4 Vm Gnd 2
Description
The TSC101 measures a small differential voltage on a high-side shunt resistor and translates it into a ground-referenced output voltage. The gain is internally fixed. Wide input common-mode voltage range, low quiescent current, and tiny SOT23 packaging enable use in a wide variety of applications. Input common-mode and power supply voltages are independent. Common-mode voltage can range from 2.8V to 30V in operating conditions and up to 60V in absolute maximum ratings. Current consumption lower than 300A and wide supply voltage range allow to connect the power supply to either side of the current measurement shunt with minimal error.
October 2007
Rev 2
1/17
www.st.com 17
Application schematics and pin description
TSC101
1
Application schematics and pin description
The TSC101 high-side current-sense amplifier features a 2.8V to 30V input common-mode range that is independent of supply voltage. The main advantage of this feature is to allow high-side current sensing at voltages much greater than the supply voltage (VCC). Figure 1. Application schematics
Vsense 2.8V to 30V Rsense
3 4
Iload
load Vm Rg2
Vp Rg1 4V to 24V
5
VCC
1
Rg3
Out Vout=Av.Vsense
Gnd
2
Table 1 describes the function of each pin. The pin positions are shown in the illustration on the cover page and in Figure 1 above. Table 1.
Symbol Out Gnd VCC Vp Vm
Pin descriptions
Type Analog output Power supply Power supply Analog input Analog input Function The output voltage, proportional to the magnitude of the sense voltage Vp-Vm. Ground line. Positive power supply line. Connection for the external sense resistor. The measured current enters the shunt on the Vp side. Connection for the external sense resistor. The measured current exits the shunt on the Vm side.
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TSC101
Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions
2
Absolute maximum ratings and operating conditions
Table 2.
Symbol Vid Vi VCC Vout Tstg Tj Rthja ESD
Absolute maximum ratings
Parameter Input pins differential voltage (Vp-Vm) Input pin voltages (Vp and Vm) DC supply voltage
(1) (1)
Value 60 -0.3 to 60 -0.3 to 25 -0.3 to VCC -55 to 150 150 250 2.5 150
Unit V V V V C C C/W kV V
DC output pin voltage(1) Storage temperature Maximum junction temperature SOT23-5 thermal resistance junction to ambient HBM: human body model(2) MM: machine model
(3)
1. Voltage values are measured with respect to the ground pin. 2. Human body model: A 100pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged through a 1.5k resistor between two pins of the device. This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating. 3. Machine model: A 200pF capacitor is charged to the specified voltage, then discharged directly between two pins of the device with no external series resistor (internal resistor < 5). This is done for all couples of connected pin combinations while the other pins are floating.
Table 3.
Symbol VCC Toper Vicm
Operating conditions
Parameter DC supply voltage from Tmin to Tmax Operational temperature range (Tmin to Tmax) Common mode voltage range Value 4.0 to 24 -40 to 125 2.8 to 30 Unit V C V
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Electrical characteristics
TSC101
3
Table 4.
Symbol ICC
Electrical characteristics
Supply(1)
Parameter Total supply current Test conditions Vsense=0V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Min. Typ. 165 Max. 300 Unit A
1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb=25C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out.
Table 5.
Symbol
Input(1)
Parameter Common mode rejection Variation of Vout versus Vicm referred to input(2) Supply voltage rejection Variation of Vout versus VCC(3) Input offset voltage(4) Input offset drift vs. T Input leakage current Input bias current Test conditions 2.8V< Vicm < 30V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 4.0V< VCC < 24V Vsense=30mV Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Tamb= 25 C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Tmin < Tamb < Tmax VCC= 0V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Vsense= 0V Tmin < Tamb < Tmax 5.5 Min. Typ. Max. Unit
CMR
90
105
dB
SVR
90
105 0.2 0.9 -3 1 8 1.5 2.3
dB
Vos dVos/dT Ilk Iib
mV V/C A A
1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb=25C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out. 2. See Common mode rejection ratio (CMR) on page 11 for the definition of CMR. 3. See Supply voltage rejection ratio (SVR) on page 11 for the definition of SVR. 4. See Gain (Av) and input offset voltage (Vos) on page 11 for the definition of Vos.
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TSC101 Table 6.
Symbol Av Gain
Electrical characteristics Output(1)
Parameter Test conditions TSC101A TSC101B TSC101C Tamb=25C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Tmin < Tamb < Tmax -10mA < Iout <10mA Iout sink or source current Vsense=50mV Tamb=25 C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Vsense=100mV Tamb=25 C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Vsense=20mV Tamb=25 C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Vsense=10mV Tamb=25 C Tmin < Tamb < Tmax Out connected to VCC, Vsense=-1V Out connected to Gnd Vsense=1V Vsense=1V Iout=1mA Vsense=-1V Iout=1mA 30 15 60 26 0.4 3 4 2.5 4.5 3.5 5 8 11 15 20 Min. Typ. 20 50 100 2.5 4.5 Max. Unit V/V
Av Vout/T
Gain accuracy Output voltage drift vs. T(2)
% mV/C mV/mA % % % % mA mA
Vout/Iout Output stage load regulation Vout Vout Vout Vout Isc-sink Isc-source Total output voltage accuracy(3) Total output voltage accuracy Total output voltage accuracy Total output voltage accuracy Short-circuit sink current Short-circuit source current Output stage high-state saturation voltage Voh=VCC-Vout Output stage low-state saturation voltage
Voh
0.8
1
V
Vol
50
100
mV
1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb=25C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out. 2. See Output voltage drift versus temperature on page 12 for the definition. 3. Output voltage accuracy is the difference with the expected theoretical output voltage Vout-th=Av*Vsense. See Output voltage accuracy on page 13 for a more detailed definition.
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Electrical characteristics Table 7.
Symbol
TSC101
Frequency response(1)
Parameter Test conditions Vsense=10mV to 100mV, Cload=47pF TSC101A TSC101B TSC101C Vsense=10mV to 100mV Cload=47pF, Vsense=100mV TSC101A TSC101B TSC101C 0.55 Min. Typ. Max. Unit
ts
Output settling to 1% final value
3 6 10 0.9 500 670 450
s
SR
Slew rate
V/s
BW
3dB bandwidth
kHz
1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb=25C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out.
Table 8.
Symbol
Noise(1)
Parameter Total output voltage noise Test conditions Min. Typ. 50 Max. Unit nV/ Hz
1. Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are Tamb=25C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out.
Electrical characteristics curves
In all of the electrical characteristics curves that follow, the tested device is a TSC101C, and the test conditions are Tamb=25C, VCC=12V, Vsense=Vp-Vm=50mV, Vm=12V, no load on Out unless otherwise specified.
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TSC101
Electrical characteristics
Figure 2.
Supply current vs. supply voltage (Vsense= 0V)
Figure 3.
Supply current vs. Vsense
260 240 220 200 I CC (A) 180 160 140 120 100 0 5 10 15 VCC (V) 20 25 30 T=125C T=25C T=- 40C
500 450 400 350 I CC (A) 300 250 200 150 100 50 -120 -80 -40 0 0 Vsense (mV) 40 80 120 T=125C T=- 40C T=25C
Figure 4.
Vp pin input bias current vs. Vsense Figure 5.
45 40 35 30 T=- 40C
Vm pin input bias current vs. Vsense
10 T=- 40C T=25C 9 8 7 6
I ib (A)
25 20 15 10 5 0
T=25C
Iib (A)
5 T=125C 4 3 2
T=125C
1 0
-120
-80
-40
0 Vsense (mV)
40
80
120
-120
-80
-40
0 Vsense (mV)
40
80
120
Figure 6.
Minimum common mode operating voltage vs. temperature
2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 VCC=5V
Voltage (V)
2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2 1.9 -50 -25 0 25 T (C) 50 75 100 125 VCC=12V
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Electrical characteristics
TSC101
Figure 7.
Output stage low-state saturation voltage versus output current (Vsense= -1V)
Figure 8.
Output stage high-state saturation voltage versus output current (Vsense= +1V)
2000
400 output stage sourcing current 350 300 250 Vol (mV) 200 150 100 50 0 -10 -5 0 -50 Iout (mA) 5 10 T=- 40C output stage sinking current
output stage sourcing current Voh (mV)
1500
output stage sinking current T=- 40C
T=125C T=25C
1000
500 T=125C 0 -10 -5 0 I out (mA) 5 10 T=25C
Figure 9.
Output short-circuit source current Figure 10. Output short-circuit sink current versus temperature (Out pin versus temperature (Out pin connected to ground) connected to VCC)
34 32 30
70 68 66 64 Iout (A) 62 60 58 56 54 52
Iout (A)
28 26 24 22 20 -50 -25 0 25 T (C) 50 75 100 125
50 -50 -25 0 25 T (C) 50 75 100 125
Figure 11. Output stage load regulation
10
0 -10 Vout -Vout0 (mV) T=- 40C T=25C -5 -10 0 5 10
-20 T=125C -30 output stage sourcing current output stage sinking current
-40
-50 Iout (mA)
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TSC101
Electrical characteristics
Figure 12. Input offset drift versus temperature
300 200 100
Figure 13. Output voltage drift versus temperature
80 60 Vout - Vout (25C) (mV) 40 20 0 -50 -25 -20 -40 -60 0 25 50 75 100 125
Vos - Vos (25C) (V)
0 -50 -25 -100 -200 -300 -400 -500 T (C) 0 25 50 75 100 125
T (C)
Figure 14. Bode diagram (Vsense=100mV)
Figure 15. Power-supply rejection ratio versus frequency
110 100 90 PSRR (dB)
50 40 30 20 Gain (dB) 10 0 -10 TSC101C TSC101B TSC101A
80 70 60
-20 -30 -40 -50 1.E+03 1.E+04 1.E+05 Frequency (Hz) 1.E+06 1.E+07
50 40 1.E+01
1.E+02
1.E+03 Frequency (Hz)
1.E+04
1.E+05
Figure 16. Total output voltage accuracy versus Vsense
100%
Vout accuracy
T=25C
10%
Tmin < T < Tmax
1% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Vsense (mV)
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Electrical characteristics
TSC101
Figure 17. Output voltage versus Vsense
Figure 18. Output voltage versus Vsense (detail for low Vsense values)
1.0 0.9
12 10 8 Vout (V) 6 TSC101A 4 TSC101B 2 TSC101C 0 -100 0 100 200 300 Vsense (mV) 400 500 600 700
-4 Vout (V)
0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 TSC101A TSC101B TSC101C
16
18
20
Vsense (mV)
Figure 19. Step response
Timebase 5s/div Vsense 100mV/div
TSC101C
TSC101B
TSC101A Vout 2V/div
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TSC101
Parameter definitions
4
Parameter definitions
Common mode rejection ratio (CMR)
The common-mode rejection ratio (CMR) measures the ability of the current-sensing amplifier to reject any DC voltage applied on both inputs Vp and Vm. The CMR is referred back to the input so that its effect can be compared with the applied differential signal. The CMR is defined by the formula:
V out CMR = - 20 log -----------------------------V icm Av
Supply voltage rejection ratio (SVR)
The supply-voltage rejection ratio (SVR) measures the ability of the current-sensing amplifier to reject any variation of the supply voltage VCC. The SVR is referred back to the input so that its effect can be compared with the applied differential signal. The SVR is defined by the formula:
V out SVR = - 20 log ----------------------------V CC Av
Gain (Av) and input offset voltage (Vos)
The input offset voltage is defined as the intersection between the linear regression of the Vout versus Vsense curve with the X-axis (see Figure 20). If Vout1 is the output voltage with Vsense=Vsense1=50mV and Vout2 is the output voltage with Vsense=Vsense2=5mV, then Vos can be calculated with the following formula:
V sense1 - V sense2 V os = V sense1 - ----------------------------------------------- V out1 V out1 - V out2
The amplification gain Av is defined as the ratio between output voltage and input differential voltage:
V out Av = ----------------V sense
11/17
Parameter definitions Figure 20. Vout versus Vsense characteristics: detail for low Vsense values
TSC101
Vout1
Vout2
Vsense Vos 5mV 50mV
Output voltage drift versus temperature
The output voltage drift versus temperature is defined as the maximum variation of Vout with respect to its value at 25C, over the temperature range. It is calculated as follows:
V out V out ( T amb ) - V out ( 25 C ) ---------------- = max ------------------------------------------------------------------------T T amb - 25 C
with Tmin < Tamb < Tmax. Figure 21 provides a graphical definition of output voltage drift versus temperature. On this chart, Vout is always comprised in the area defined by dotted lines representing the maximum and minimum variation of Vout versus T. Figure 21. Output voltage drift versus temperature
80 60 Vout - Vout (25C) (mV) 40 20 0 -50 -25 -20 -40 -60 T (C) 0 25 50 75 100 125
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TSC101
Parameter definitions
Output voltage accuracy
The output voltage accuracy is the difference between the actual output voltage and the theoretical output voltage. Ideally, the current sensing output voltage should be equal to the input differential voltage multiplied by the theoretical gain, as in the following formula: Vout-th=Av . Vsense The actual value is very slightly different, mainly due to the effects of:

the input offset voltage Vos, non-linearity
Figure 22. Vout vs. Vsense theoretical and actual characteristics
Vout actual
ideal
Vout accuracy for Vsense= 10mV
Vsense 10mV
The output voltage accuracy, expressed in percentage, can be calculated with the following formula: abs ( V out - ( A v V sense ) ) V out = ------------------------------------------------------------------------A v V sense with Av=20V/V for TSC101A, Av=50V/V for TSC101B and Av=100V/V for TSC101C.
13/17
Application information
TSC101
5
Application information
The TSC101 can be used to measure current and to feed back the information to a microcontroller, as shown in Figure 23. Figure 23. Typical application schematic
Vsense 2.8V to 30V Rsense Vp Rg1 Vm Rg2 load Iload
TSC101
VCC
5V Vreg
VCC
ADC
Rg3
Out Vout Microcontroller Gnd
Gnd
The current from the supply flows to the load through the Rsense resistor causing a voltage drop equal to Vsense across Rsense. The amplifier input currents are negligible, therefore its inverting input voltage is equal to Vm. The amplifier's open-loop gain forces its non-inverting input to the same voltage as the inverting input. As a consequence, the amplifier adjusts current flowing through Rg1 so that the voltage drop across Rg1 exactly matches Vsense. Therefore, the drop across Rg1 is: VRg1=Vsense=Rsense.Iload If IRg1 is the current flowing through Rg1, then IRg1 is given by the formula: IRg1=Vsense/Rg1 The IRg1 current flows entirely into resistor Rg3 (the input bias current of the buffer is negligible). Therefore, the voltage drop on the Rg3 resistor can be calculated as follows: VRg3=Rg3.IRg1=(Rg3/Rg1).Vsense Because the voltage across the Rg3 resistor is buffered to the Out pin, Vout can be expressed as: Vout=(Rg3/Rg1).Vsense or Vout=(Rg3/Rg1).Rsense.Iload The resistor ratio Rg3/Rg1 is internally set to 20V/V for TSC101A, to 50V/V for TSC101B and to 100V/V for TSC101C. The Rsense resistor and the Rg3/Rg1 resistor ratio (equal to Av) are important parameters because they define the full scale output range of your application. Therefore, they must be selected carefully.
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TSC101
Package information
6
Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, STMicroelectronics offers these devices in ECOPACK(R) packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an STMicroelectronics trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. Figure 24. SOT23-5 package
Dimensions Ref. Min. A A1 A2 b C D E E1 e e1 L 0.35 0.90 0.00 0.90 0.35 0.09 2.80 2.60 1.50 0.95 1.9 0.55 13.7 Millimeters Typ. Max. 1.45 0.15 1.30 0.50 0.20 3.00 3.00 1.75 Min. 35.4 0.00 35.4 13.7 3.5 110.2 102.3 59.0 37.4 74.8 21.6 Mils Typ. Max. 57.1 5.9 51.2 19.7 7.8 118.1 118.1 68.8
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Ordering information
TSC101
7
Table 9.
Ordering information
Order codes
Temperature range Package Packaging Marking O104 -40C, +125C SOT23-5 Tape & reel O105 O106
(1)
Part number TSC101AILT TSC101BILT TSC101CILT TSC101AIYLT
Gain 20 50 100 20 50 100
O101 -40C, +125C SOT23-5 (Automotive grade) Tape & reel O102 O103
TSC101BIYLT(1) TSC101CIYLT
(1)
1. Qualification and characterization according to AEC Q100 and Q003 or equivalent, advanced screening according to AEC Q001 & Q 002 or equivalent are on-going.
8
Table 10.
Date
Revision history
Document revision history
Revision Rev 1 Rev 2 First release, preliminary data. Document status promoted from preliminary data to datasheet. Added test results in electrical characteristics tables. Added electrical characteristics curves. Changes
5-Mar-2007 22-Oct-2007
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TSC101
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